Summary of the Express Pest Risk Analysis for Agrilus anxius (Gory, 1841) |
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PRA area: Poland |
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Describe the endangered area: |
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Main conclusions Bronze birch borer may appear in the PRA area. The most probably way of entry is intercontinental transport of birchwood from area of agrophage occurrence. The suitable weather conditions, occurrence of host plants suggest that Agrilus anxius may cause losses in forests with birches, even bigger then in its native range. Birches are commonly trees in the entire PRA area but no as monocultures. They also constitute a relatively low proportion of mixed stands. Therefore, risk of destruction of forest is limited. All imported wood material need to be destroy by burning in case of Agrilus anxius occurence. Eradication measures will be probably inefficient in case of bronze birch borer occurrence in natural environment in PRA area Timely identification is very difficult because of: - biology of this species- short lasting imago stage - similar species living under birch bark- misidentification, especially of preimaginal stages - adults quickly start to reproduce and settle to a new host plant, even in great distance from parent plant |
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Phytosanitary risk for the endangered area (Individual ratings for likelihood of entry and establishment, and for magnitude of spread and impact are provided in thedocument) |
High |
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Moderate |
X |
Low |
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Level of uncertainty of assessment (see Q 18 for the justification of the rating. Individual ratings of uncertainty of entry, establishment, spread and impact are provided in the document) |
High |
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Moderate |
X |
Low |
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Other recommendations |
Summary of the Express Pest Risk Analysis for Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, 1888 |
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PRA area: Poland |
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Describe the endangered area: The entire PRA area |
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Main conclusions The plant pest A. planipennis is particularly harmful for ashes (Fraxinus spp.) and causes serious damage in native and invasive ranges. The appearance of agrophage in PRA area is only a matter of time (probably over the next two decades). A. planipennis is climatic generalist. The pest occurence is limited by occurence of host plants – species of the genus Fraxinus. The entire PRA area is endangered. Imported wood controls from area of pest occurence may reduce probability of introduction and spread. Probably all eradication measures will be insufficient in case of pest occurence in PRA area. |
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Phytosanitary risk for the endangered area (Individual ratings for likelihood of entry and establishment, and for magnitude of spread and impact are provided in thedocument) |
High |
X |
Moderate |
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Low |
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Level of uncertainty of assessment (see Q 18 for the justification of the rating. Individual ratings of uncertainty of entry, establishment, spread and impact are provided in the document) |
High |
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Moderate |
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Low |
X |
Other recommendations: |
Summary of the Express Pest Risk Analysis for Aleurothrixus (=Aleurotrachelus) trachoides Back, 1912 |
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PRA area: Poland |
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Describe the endangered area: the entire PRA area. (cultivations of capsicum, tomato, rose) |
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Main conclusions Solanaceae species, especially tomato, capsicum and plants of Rosa genre are commonly cultivated in the PRA area. Rating of the likelihood of pest entry is estimated as moderate to high and establishment as low to high (depending on climate scenario). Additional, there is probability that pest can develop and find suitable conditions in greenhouses. In case of A. trachoides entry in Europe the losses in capsicum and tomato crops will be the highest in The Mediterranean area. The risk of losses in PRA area is associated maily with host plant cultivations in protected conditions. Rating of the likelihood of impact without phytosanitary measures: high. Main reason of this situation is import of seedlings and vegetables from area of pest occurrence. The risk will be higher if packings take place close to host plants crops(bunch of tomatoes may be more dangerous because of probably higher number of pests on branches). Another posibble way of pest entry is import of packages as boxes used for harvest and transport from countries where A. trachoides occurs. Correct identification and pest monitoring are nessecary to protect and decrease the probability of pest entry and spread. A. trachoides is a new pest in EPPO region and there is lack of informations about its economic impact. Systemic and contact pesticides may be used to control whitefly depending on the crop and growing conditions. Also using of soap solution and organic oils may reduce the losses, especially at the begining of infections. Research is ongoing on the biological methods of pest control by using several Encarsia species and predatory beetle- Axinoscymnus puttarudriahi. |
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Phytosanitary risk for the endangered area (Individual ratings for likelihood of entry and establishment, and for magnitude of spread and impact are provided in thedocument) |
High |
|
Moderate |
X |
Low |
|
Level of uncertainty of assessment (see Q 18 for the justification of the rating. Individual ratings of uncertainty of entry, establishment, spread and impact are provided in the document) |
High |
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Moderate |
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Low |
X |
Other recommendations |
Summary of the Express Pest Risk Analysis for Apiosporina morbosa |
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PRA area: Poland |
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Describe the endangered area: the entire PRA area |
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Apiosporina morbosa is a plant pathogen, which is the causal agent of black knot. It affects plants of the genus Prunus. The main host plants cultivated in PRA area are P. domestica, P. cerasus, more rarely: Prunus persica, Prunus salicina, Prunus armeniaca. The disease produces rough, black growths that encircle and kill the infested parts. Infected trees are stunted. Rating of the likelihood of entry: Low Rating of the likelihood of establishment outdoors and in protected conditions: Moderate (especially P. domestica – cultivated area 17.000 ha).The wild plants of the genus Prunus are also endangered. Rating of the likelihood of spread: Low (because of inspection of consignments and using fungicides) The most important phytosanitary measure is monitoring of imported plants of genus Prunus from area of agrophage occurrence. It is necessary to prepare strategies and eradication measures in case of occurance Apiosporina morbosa in PRA area. |
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Phytosanitary risk for the endangered area (Individual ratings for likelihood of entry and establishment, and for magnitude of spread and impact are provided in thedocument) |
High |
|
Moderate |
|
Low |
X |
Level of uncertainty of assessment (see Q 18 for the justification of the rating. Individual ratings of uncertainty of entry, establishment, spread and impact are provided in the document) |
High |
|
Moderate |
X |
Low |
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Other recommendations: |