Summary of the Express Pest Risk Analysis for Macrophomina phaseolina

PRA area: Poland

Describe the endangered area: The entire PRA area

Main conclusions:

Macrophomina phaseolina is plant patogen fungus. Pathogen has a broad host range including cultivated and wild plants. Fungus is a heat- and drought-favoring and prefer regions with those climatic conditions. M. phaseolina was not reported in PRA area.. However, the pest occurence can not be fully excluded, because of low detection rate and little harmfulness. M. phaseolina may pose the risk to maize, tabacco and Leguminous plants crops. Fungus occurence is correlated with climatic conditions and inoculum availability.

Most of host plants and inokulum can not successfully overwinter in Poland, because of low temperature and high humindity. All of those factors limit pest occurrence in PRA area.

Phytosanitary risk for the endangered area

(Individual ratings for likelihood of entry and establishment, and for magnitude of spread and impact are provided in thedocument)

High

Level of uncertainty of assessment

(see Q 18 for the justification of the rating. Individual ratings of uncertainty of entry, establishment, spread and impact are provided in the document)

High

Other recommendations:

·         Monitoring of susceptible crops (maize, tabacco, bean family) 

·         Analysis of  symptoms of a possibile infestation of Macrophomina phaseolina.

Summary of the Express Pest Risk Analysis for Massicus raddei Kusama, 1973

PRA area: Poland

Describe the endangered area: The entire PRA area (including urban area, field copses and areas where oaks grow)

Main conclusions

The plant pest M. raddei is harmful for oaks and causes serious economic losses in China. There are two important oak species in Poland- common oak (Q. robur) and sessile oak (Q. petrea). All oaks species are endangered if M. raddei occurs in PRA area.

The impact of pest in PRA area depends on its feeding preferences. If pest find host plants in Poland, it will negatively affect forest ecosystems and associated with them economic sectors.

M. raddei nowadays is a pest of minor importance for oak species in Poland but level of uncertainty of assessment is high. The climate conditions in PRA area seems to be suitable for this pest.

It is essential to devise methods of pest and disease detection in case of M. raddei occurrence in PRA area. All infected material should be disposed.

M. raddei is a large beetle because of that identification is easy and eradication measures (the light traps have successfully captured beetles) should be efficient.

Phytosanitary risk for the endangered area

(Individual ratings for likelihood of entry and establishment, and for magnitude of spread and impact are provided in thedocument)

High

X

Moderate

Low

Level of uncertainty of assessment

(see Q 18 for the justification of the rating. Individual ratings of uncertainty of entry, establishment, spread and impact are provided in the document)

High

X

Moderate

Low

Other recommmendations

Summary of the Express Pest Risk Analysis for Meloidogyne chitwoodi Golden, O’Bannon, Santo et Finley, 1980

PRA area: Poland

The entire PRA area is endangered in case of pathogen occurence. Most of host plants occur in Poland. In order to climate conditions, Meloidogyne chitwoodi may cause losses (in both quality and quantity) especially in potato and carrot crops in West and South Poland. Other regions seem to be endangered.

Phytosanitary risk for the endangered area

(Individual ratings for likelihood of entry and establishment, and for magnitude of spread and impact are provided in thedocument)

High

☐

Moderate

X

High

☐

Level of uncertainty of assessment

(see Q 18 for the justification of the rating. Individual ratings of uncertainty of entry, establishment, spread and impact are provided in the document)

High

☐

Moderate

X

High

☐

Other recommendations

Summary of the Express Pest Risk Analysis for Meloidogyne ethiopica Whitehead, 1968

PRA area: Poland

Describe the endangered area: Based on climate analysis, M. ethiopica might colonise PRA area in both- open field and greenhouse crops.

Main conclusions

M. ethiopica can be introduced in PRA area with plant tissues, growing medium, vegetable waste or for research purposes. Root-knot nematode might colonise the entire PRA area. It is difficult to estimate the pest impact on field crops, but we can observe losses in greenhouses (with natural growing medium). There is no information about resistance of using plant varietes.

Probability of introduction and spread can be reduced by:

·         consignments control- a systematic examination in order to detect the presence of pest

·         using only nematoda-free propagation material,

·         in case of pest occurence in field crops- pest removal from the machines, agricultural tools, infected plants

·          using chemical pesticides

Phytosanitary risk for the endangered area

(Individual ratings for likelihood of entry and establishment, and for magnitude of spread and impact are provided in thedocument)

High

Moderate

X

Low

Level of uncertainty of assessment

(see Q 18 for the justification of the rating. Individual ratings of uncertainty of entry, establishment, spread and impact are provided in the document)

High

X

Moderate

Low

Other recommendations:

Summary of the Express Pest Risk Analysis for Meloidogyne fallax Karssen, 1996

PRA area: Poland

Describe the endangered area: M. fallax is a pathogen of many monocot and dicot species but it has been mainly recorded on potato, oyster plant (Scorzonera hispanica) and carrot. Nematoda may cause losses in carrot, potato, oyster plant crops in PRA area. The likelihood of losses increase in crops on sandy soils.

Main conclusions:

The entire country is endangered in case of M. fallax occurrence. Many of host plants grow and are cultivated in PRA area. Based on available literature data, pest may cause losses in carrot, potato, oyster plant crops in PRA area  There is also a risk that M. Falla may cause damages in cultivations in protected conditions.

Phytosanitary measures:

1. Examination of consignments
2. Using of nematode free planting material
3. In case of pest occurence in field crops: Strict measures must be taken to prevent pest entry or further spread within the Poland. Pest need to be immediately and completely eradicated.

Phytosanitary risk for the endangered area

(Individual ratings for likelihood of entry and establishment, and for magnitude of spread and impact are provided in thedocument)

High

☐

Moderate

X

Low

☐

Level of uncertainty of assessment

(see Q 18 for the justification of the rating. Individual ratings of uncertainty of entry, establishment, spread and impact are provided in the document)

High

☐

Moderate

☐

Low

X

Other recommendations: