Summary of the Express Pest Risk Analysis for Citrus bark cracking viroid

PRA area: Poland

Describe the endangered area: hop fields in entire PRA area (especially west part of Poland)

Main conclusions:

CBCVd occurences in Slovenia indicate that viroid may be transmitted between different hosts species. CBCVd outbreaks in Slovenia represent a high risk for European hop production.

Viroid has negative impact on hops gardens (negative effect on growth) and causes serious losses (infected plants die within 3-5 years). Viroid may also causes serious economic damage in case of occurence in PRA area.

Import of infected citrus is main way of entry. Most of plant waste is sent to landfill sites, where virioid poses no risk.

Viroid spread from citrus to hops is associated with risk of the waste-related transmission.

The likelihood of CBCVd spread is high because of vegetative propagation and a lot of plant waste.

Viroid can be transmitted by vegetative propagation, grafting, foliar contact between neighboring plants, contaminated tools and machinery, clothing because of that  there needs to be compliance with  phytosanitary measures.

The protection against viroids is based on systematic monitoring of imported propagation plant material. All infected plants and vectors (on plants/fruits) need to be remove and destroy. It will ensure adequate protection against viroids development in PRA area. Cultivations of host plants need to be systematically monitored in case of viroid occurence.

Propagation material and seeds imported to Poland should have viroid-free certificate.

Phytosanitary risk for the endangered area

(Individual ratings for likelihood of entry and establishment, and for magnitude of spread and impact are provided in thedocument)

High

X

Moderate

☐

Low

☐

Level of uncertainty of assessment

(see Q 18 for the justification of the rating. Individual ratings of uncertainty of entry, establishment, spread and impact are provided in the document)

High

☐

Moderate

☐

Low

X

Other recommendations:

·         Controls of propagation material imported to Poland

·         Monitoring of hops field (for any evidence of viroids occurence)

·         Better legal regulation in order to reduce the possibility of viroid occurence in UE and PRA area

·         Controls of propagation material distributed in PRA area

·         Legal regulation – viroid as quarantine pathogen